Local community identification improves wellbeing by reducing loneliness: longitudinal evidence from two studies

Publication type

Journal Article

Authors

Publication date

October 1, 2026

Summary:

Loneliness is a significant determinant of mental and physical health which has many root causes at local community level. Building on the Social Identity Approach to Health we test a longitudinal version of McNamara et al.'s (2021) neighbourhood identity model of wellbeing, which links local community identification to wellbeing via reduced loneliness. Study 1 was a two-wave survey of residents in mid-Nottinghamshire, UK (T1 N = 879; T2 N = 216). Mediation analyses showed that, over a one-year period, changes in community identification predicted increases in wellbeing via increases in perceived support and reductions in loneliness while controlling for a range of demographic factors. In Study 2, a secondary analysis of a large population-based UK study, i.e. Understanding Society (UKHLS; Waves 9 and 12; n = 38,056) showed that over a three-year period, increases in identification predicted improvements in GHQ-12 mental health and self-rated general health, again via increases in perceived support and reductions in loneliness. Across studies, the effect of neighbourhood identification on wellbeing occurred primarily through loneliness reduction. We discuss implications for reducing health inequalities through local community identity-building and social infrastructure, and outline priorities for policy and future research.

Published in

Social Science & Medicine

Volume

Volume: 406:119543

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119543

ISSN

02779536

Subjects

Notes

© 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Open Access

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc-nd/4.0/ ).

#589131

News

Latest findings, new research

Publications search

Search all research by subject and author

Podcasts

Researchers discuss their findings and what they mean for society

Projects

Background and context, methods and data, aims and outputs

Events

Conferences, seminars and workshops

Survey methodology

Specialist research, practice and study

Themes

Key research themes and areas of interest