Financial disincentives to formal work: evidence from Ecuador and Colombia

Publication type

Research Paper

Series Number

2019/14

Series

WIDER Working Papers

Authors

Publication date

March 15, 2019

Summary:

The aim of this paper is to quantify the financial cost that informal workers would incur in the event of entering formality, accounting for potential earnings gains upon entry. To do so, we use representative microdata from Ecuador and Colombia, together with detailed tax–benefit models, and simulate transitions to formal employment for all workers observed in informality in the data, with informality defined as non-affiliation to social security.

Our results point to strikingly high formalization costs in the two countries, with on average 52.8 and 78.5 per cent of workers’ additional earnings taxed away due to social security payments in Ecuador and Colombia, respectively. Costs are particularly high for self-employed informal workers at the bottom of the earnings distribution.

The results are mainly driven by the requirement that workers contribute to social security at least on the basis of the minimum wage in both countries.

Subjects

Link

https://www.wider.unu.edu/publication/financial-disincentives-formal-work

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