Urban water disinfection and mortality decline in developing countries

Publication type

Research Paper

Series Number

23239

Series

NBER Working Paper Series

Authors

Publication date

March 15, 2017

Abstract:

Historically, improvements municipal drinking water quality contributed significantly to mortality decline in wealthy countries. However, water disinfection has not produced equivalent benefits in developing countries today. We investigate this puzzle by analyzing a large-scale municipal water disinfection program in Mexico in 1991 that dramatically increased access to chlorinated water. On average, we find that the program led to a 37 to 48% decline in diarrheal mortality among children and was highly cost-effective ($1,310 per life-year saved). However, age (degradation) of water pipes and insufficient complementary sanitation infrastructure attenuated these benefits. Countervailing behavioral responses, although present, appear to be less important.

DOI

https://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23239

Subjects

Link

http://www.nber.org/papers/w23239

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