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Analysis of Life Chances in EuropeALICE
Analysis of Life Chances in Europe is an integrated programme which examines life chances and living standards across both the “old” and the “new” member states of the European Union. ALICE is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). It consists of four linked projects:
Income distribution and redistribution: “old” Europe and the new member states
The aim of this project is to analyse household incomes, poverty incidence and poverty dynamics across the new Europe, with a particular focus on in-work poverty. As well as taking a standard approach to these issues, based on reported incomes from survey data, we will also use microsimulation models to examine income distributions and poverty rates, and to assess the role of taxes and benefits on income distributions within and between countries.
Gender, family and employment
This project focuses on employment as a determinant of income levels, and particularly on women’s employment and wages as drivers of income and poverty. Mother’s employment rates vary markedly between countries; here, we seek to understand the outcomes of these variations, but also the reasons behind them, in the context both of micro-level factors and of macro-level factors such as social attitudes, the supply and price of childcare, and provision for flexible working.
Cross-national comparative samples: methodology and comparability
Here, we investigate the impact of sample design on cross-national comparisons. We will estimate design effects and mis-specification effects. The former will demonstrate the impact of design on the accuracy of estimates and the extent to which this varies between countries. This will be done for a range of variables and countries using two different survey data sets. The work on mis-specification effects will demonstrate the result of failing to correctly take sample design into account in analysis. This will be assessed by replicating the substantive analysis on gender, family and employment with and without correct design specification.
Measuring, explaining and interpreting differences between countries
Cross-country variations in living standards and other outcomes may arise for a number of reasons, including economic factors, social policy regimes, cultural differences, and variations in the characteristics of people living in different countries. In this project we review the statistical techniques which may be used to identify and explain the magnitude of these “country effects”; we also revisit the literature on welfare regime types, assessing the extent to which new member states fit into existing typologies.